So now you’re at the point where you need to capture some audio sources and turn them into electrical signals that your computer can recognize. In order to do that you will need a microphone. Microphones come in a bunch of different flavors and varieties all suited for different tasks. Here are some of the microphones that are available. They all have different advantages and disadvantages and should be selected based on what kind of sound and the environment you are working in. Below are links that describe the different microphones in more detail.
Ribbon microphones
USB microphones
Shotgun microphones
Lavalier microphones
Boundary microphones
Wireless microphones
Headset microphones
When deciding what type of microphone to purchase you should first figure out what type of audio you will be wanting to capture with it. Are you planning on recording a lot vocals for say a Vlog or podcast or are you wanting to record a really loud rock band in your garage? The two most commonly used are microphones are dynamic and condenser microphones. One of the main differences between a dynamic mic and a condenser microphone is its ability to capture loud or quiet sounds.
In general, dynamic mics are better suited for capturing loud audio sources like a guitar amp, drums, or screaming vocals. A condenser microphone is better suited for capturing quiet audio sources like voice recordings.
Another big difference is that condenser microphones require what is known as phantom power in order to work. This can be provided by most Audio interfaces or mixers out there.